Ngokukhula kwabemi kunye nophuhliso lwezoqoqosho, imithombo yamanzi akhoyo akhoyo iyancipha imihla ngemihla.Ukuze kusonjululwe le ngxaki, izixhobo zokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuguqula amanzi olwandle abe ngamanzi acocekileyo anokusebenziseka.Eli nqaku liza kwazisa indlela, umgaqo wokusebenza kunye netshati yenkqubo yokuhamba kwamanzi olwandle.
1.Indlela yokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle
Okwangoku, ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini olwandle kusebenzisa ezi ndlela zintathu zilandelayo:
1.Indlela yokucoca:
Ngokufudumeza amanzi olwandle ukuze awajike abe ngumphunga wamanzi, uze emva koko uwapholise ngecondenser ukuze awaguqule abe ngamanzi amatsha.Ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle, kodwa iindleko zezixhobo zayo ziphezulu kwaye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.
2.Reverse osmosis indlela:
Amanzi olwandle ahluzwa nge-membrane ene-semi-permeable (reverse osmosis membrane).I-membrane inobungakanani obuncinci be-pore kwaye iimolekyuli zamanzi kuphela ezinokudlula, ngoko ke amanzi amatsha anokwahlulwa.Indlela inokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kunye nenkqubo elula, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwintsimi yokutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi olwandle.Umatshini weToption wezixhobo zokucoca amanzi olwandle nazo zisetyenziswa ngale ndlela.
3.Electrodialysis:
Sebenzisa iimpawu zeeyoni ezihlawulisiweyo ukuhamba kwindawo yombane yokwahlula.I-ion idlula kwi-membrane ye-ion yokutshintshiselana ukuze yenze amacala omabini esisombululo se-dilute kunye nesisombululo esigxininisiweyo.Iiyoni, iiprotoni kunye nee-electron kwisisombululo se-dilute zihlukaniswe ngokuguquguqukayo ukuze zenze iiyoni ezintsha zotshintshiselwano., ukwenzela ukuba uqaphele ukuhlukana kwamanzi ahlambulukileyo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu, kwaye kukho izicelo ezimbalwa okwangoku.
2.Umgaqo osebenzayo wezixhobo zokususa ityuwa emanzini olwandle
Ukuthatha umva i-osmosis njengomzekelo, inkqubo yokusebenza yezixhobo zokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Ukulungiswa kwamanzi olwandle: ukunciphisa amasuntswana, ukungcola kunye nezinye izinto emanzini olwandle ngokusebenzisa intlenga kunye nokucoca.
2.Lungisa umgangatho wamanzi: lungisa ixabiso le-pH, ubulukhuni, ubutyuwa, njl njl. amanzi ukuze alungele i-osmosis ebuyela umva.
3.Reverse osmosis: Hlunga amanzi olwandle asele ecociwe kwaye alungelelanisiwe kwi-reverse osmosis membrane ukwahlula amanzi amatsha.
4. Ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka: amanzi ahlambulukileyo kunye namanzi angcolileyo ahlukaniswe, kwaye amanzi angcolileyo aphathwa kwaye akhutshwe.
3.Inkqubo yokuhamba kwetshati yezixhobo zokususa ityuwa emanzini olwandle
Inkqubo yokuhamba kwetshati yezixhobo zokususa ityuwa emanzini olwandle imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
Ukulungiswa kwamanzi olwandle→ulawulo lobulunga bamanzi→ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis→ukukhutshwa kwamanzi amdaka
Ngamafutshane, ukuchithwa kwetyuwa emanzini olwandle kuyindlela ebalulekileyo yokusombulula ingxaki yokunqongophala kwamanzi ahlambulukileyo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo kuya kuba kuninzi.Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha ityuwa emanzini zifuna ubugcisa obuhlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, kodwa imigaqo esisiseko yokusebenza iyafana.Kwixesha elizayo, izixhobo zokukhupha ityuwa emanzini olwandle ziya kuhlaziywa ngakumbi kwaye ziphuculwe kubuchwephesha kunye nezixhobo ukunika abantu izisombululo ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-24-2023